Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who lobbies for them
Every outside firm that has filed on this client's behalf, by fees reported.
This record groups every filed spelling of the client's name into one entity, so "MERCK & CO., INC." and "MERCK & CO INC" read as the same company. The grouping is the client's normalized name — organizations that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: society-for-american-archaeology.
fees reported
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Reported as lobbying expenses
Money reported as spent on lobbying rather than as a fee paid to an outside firm. See the full list.
Reading this · LD-2 reports a hired firm's fee and a registrant's reported expenses on separate lines and never both on one filing, so the two lists above are different quantities and are ranked separately rather than against each other. Firm names link to their own record as the firms chapter lands.
IND
37 filings
$402K on those filings
Trade (domestic/foreign)
TRD
34 filings
$58K on those filings
Environment/Superfund
ENV
10 filings
$100K on those filings
Foreign Relations
FOR
9 filings
$58K on those filings
Science/Technology
SCI
8 filings
$80K on those filings
Transportation
TRA
8 filings
$58K on those filings
Education
EDU
6 filings
$18K on those filings
Real Estate/Land Use/Conservation
RES
6 filings
Government Issues
GOV
3 filings
Homeland Security
HOM
2 filings
$40K on those filings
Note · A filing names one to several issue areas and reports a single dollar figure for the period, so the same money appears beside every issue that filing declares. The dollar column is therefore spend on filings that named this issue — it is not a split of the total, and these figures sum above it. Filing counts do not double-count.
117th Congress
Safeguard Tribal Objects of Patrimony Act of 2021
3 filingsthrough 2021
S. 1471117th CongressSafeguard Tribal Objects of Patrimony Act of 20213 filingsthrough 2021
H.R. 2181116th CongressChaco Cultural Heritage Area Protection Act of 20193 filingsthrough 2019
H.R. 6147115th CongressInterior, Environment, Financial Services and General Government, Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Transportation, Housing and Urban Development Appropriations Act, 20193 filingsthrough 2018
S. 3073115th CongressDepartment of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 20193 filingsthrough 2018
S. 4802118th CongressDepartment of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 20252 filingsthrough 2024
How these are found · Bill references are extracted from the free-text activity description each filing writes, then matched to the Congress in session that filing year. A reference we can't match to a bill on file is still shown, unlinked — we cite what the filing said rather than guess at what it meant. Naming a bill is not a position on it: LD-2 records that a client lobbied on the bill, never which side.
Charles SpiesClark Hill, PLC8 filingsthrough 2018
Sloane Skinner CarloughDickinson Wright PLLCCovered position: Law Clerk, Senator Rand Paul.4 filingsthrough 2019
