Washington State University

Surveillance for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance in Guatemala - This Project Will Develop a Project Protocol and Associated Sample Collection and Processing Protocols in Preparation for a New Field Project (BP3, CK21-2104) Located in Guatemala. the BP3 Work Will Address Findings Arising From a Previously Funded Arch Project That Estimated the Prevalence and Risk Factors for Human Colonization With Extended-spectrum Cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales (ESCRE) and Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) (U01GH002241). at the Community Level, Arch Findings Include a Statistically Significant Association Between the Probability of Colonization With Escre and Household Hygiene, Which Was Defined Using a Scale Composed of Variables Such as Availability of Trash Removal Services, Water Risk, Water Treatment and Agricultural Land Use. We Also Found That Health Seeking Behavior, Unrelated to Antibiotic Use, Is an Important Risk Predictor for Colonization With Escre. Consequently, the New BP3 Project Will Include a Platform for Enrolling Households to Collect Samples and Health Data From People (CK21-2104, Component 1) and to Collect and Analyze Household-level Samples Associated With Hygiene (CK21-2104, Component 2, Strategy 2). the Latter Will Include Collecting Samples From Food (milk), Drinking Water, Food Animals, and Companion Animals That Will Be Tested for the Presence of Escre and Cre. While the Component 1 and 2 Activities Have Separate Funding and Reporting Lines, These Activities Will Be Coordinated to Increase Efficiency and Maximize the Probably of Addressing Short, Medium and Long-term Goals Under CK21-2104.