Uw River Falls

Awards Issued Prior to January 20, 2025, Were Funded Under Previous Administrations and May Not Reflect the Priorities and Policies of the Current Administration. Penetrating Captive Bolt (PCB) Euthanasia Is Commonly Performed on Mature Cattle and Pigs With Varying Degrees of Success, Depending on the Location of Captive Bolt Placement on the Head of the Animal, Depth of Tissue the Bolt Must Pass Through, and Performance of the Captive Bolt Tool. the Overall Goal of Our Research Is Tomeasurethe Thickness of Tissues and Identifyoptimal Pcbpositioning on Heads From Previously Stunned or Euthanized Animals to Help Guide Future Studies on Appropriate Captive Bolt Application Sites and Tools for Mature Pigs and Cattle. Our Overall Objective Is to Methodically Refine and Validate Locations for Captive Bolt Euthanasia in Swine and Cattle Through the Conduct of Four Subprojects With the Following Objectives:quantify the Impact of Cooling on the Soft Tissue Thickness, Cranial Thickness, Total Tissue Thickness, and Cross-sectional Brain Area of Cadaver Heads From Cull Cows Following the Application of a PCB Stun in a Frontal Placement. This Research Willdetermine If Cattle Heads Can Be Refrigerated Prior to Use.across Four Classes of Cattle (fed Cattle, Cull Beef Cows, Cull Dairy Cows, Bulls), (a) Determine the Tissue Depth, Cross-sectional Brain Area, and Bolt-brain Contact Associated With the Frontal and Poll Shot Placements for the Euthanasia of Cattle via PCB on Cadaver Heads; (B) to Identify and Describe the Optimal PCB Placement and Angle Passed on Potential for Thalamic Damage, Using External Landmarks, for the Frontal and Poll Placements for Each Class of Cattle Based Upon Tissue Depth Parameters and Predicted Brain Damage Resulting From the Bolt Path; and (C) Assess the Structures and Regions of the Brain Impacted by the Predicted Bolt Path From Descriptions of the Frontal PCB Placement Outlined by Multiple Industry Guidelines.to (a) to Determine the Tissue Depth, Cross-sectional Brain Area, Regions of Brain Damage, and Bolt-brain Contact Associated With the Frontal, Temporal, and Behind Ear Placements for the Euthanasia of Swine via PCB on Heads From Sows and Boars < 200 KG; and (B) to Determine the Relationships Between External Dimensional Head Measurements, Body Weight, and Tissue Depth Parameters Associated With These PCB Placements. This Project Would Be the First to Assess Parameters Related to the PCB Euthanasia of Sows and Boars < 200 Kg.to (a) Evaluate the Capacity of Two Commercially Available Captive Bolt Types (pistol-retracting, Inline-free Flight) to Reach and Disrupt the Thalamus When Applied in Two Placements (frontal, Behind Ear) to Cadaver Heads From Sows > 200 KG; and (B) to Identify and Describe the Optimal PCB Placement and Angle Based on Potential for Thalamic Damage, Using External Landmarks, for the Frontal and Behind Ear PCB Placements. the Temporal Placement Will Be Excluded From This Phase of Research Based Upon Earlier Work by Our Laboratory Group That Has Identified a Lack of Damage to the Diencephalon in Cadaver Heads From Sows and Boars > 200 Kg.overall, We Expect the Results of Our Project to Indicate PCB Application Sites That Have the Potential to Be Highly Effective for Mature Cattle and Pigs. We Expect Our Research to Impact Cattle and Swine Producers and Processors by Adding Scientifically-guided Justification for the Use of Specific PCB Locations. in Addition, We Expect Our Results to Impact PCB Manufacturers by Providing Valuable Data Regarding Expected Tissue Thickness and Necessary Bolt Travel Distance to Reach Important Structures in the Brain That Contribute to Effective PCB Euthanasia.