Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who they lobby for
This registrant files only on its own behalf — it has never reported a fee for representing anyone else.
Reported as lobbying expenses
Money reported as spent on lobbying rather than as a fee charged to a client.
This record groups every filed spelling of the registrant's name into one entity, so punctuation variants of the same firm read as one. The grouping is the registrant's normalized name — firms that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: national-multiple-sclerosis-society.
Reading this · An LD-2 reports either a fee the registrant charged or expenses it spent, never both on one filing, so the two lists above are different quantities and are ranked separately rather than against each other. The expenses basis is what an organization lobbying on its own behalf files — usually for itself, sometimes for an affiliate under a different name — so a name on the second list is the client the filing names, not necessarily a claim that the registrant lobbied for someone else's account. Across every relationship on file — not just those shown — this registrant reported $0 in fees and $6.9M in expenses.
MMM · 1 client
56 filings
$4.9M on those filings
Medical/Disease Research/Clinical Labs
MED · 1 client
45 filings
$3.6M on those filings
Transportation
TRA · 1 client
36 filings
$3M on those filings
Civil Rights/Civil Liberties
CIV · 1 client
32 filings
$2.7M on those filings
Taxation/Internal Revenue Code
TAX · 1 client
7 filings
$357K on those filings
Welfare
WEL · 1 client
6 filings
$313K on those filings
Defense
DEF · 1 client
3 filings
$494K on those filings
Government Issues
GOV · 1 client
2 filings
$140K on those filings
Labor Issues/Antitrust/Workplace
LBR · 1 client
1 filing
$66K on those filings
Note · A filing names one to several issue areas and reports a single dollar figure for the period, so the same money appears beside every issue that filing declares. The dollar column is therefore money on filings that named this issue — it is not a split of the total, and these figures sum above it. Filing counts do not double-count.
Lauren Chiarello21 filings1 client · through 2015
Steffany Stern17 filings1 client · through 2026
John Wylam15 filings1 client · through 2018
Natasha Amaral Silva14 filings1 client · through 2024
