Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who they lobby for
This registrant files only on its own behalf — it has never reported a fee for representing anyone else.
Reported as lobbying expenses
Money reported as spent on lobbying rather than as a fee charged to a client.
This record groups every filed spelling of the registrant's name into one entity, so punctuation variants of the same firm read as one. The grouping is the registrant's normalized name — firms that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: environmental-defense-action-fund.
Reading this · An LD-2 reports either a fee the registrant charged or expenses it spent, never both on one filing, so the two lists above are different quantities and are ranked separately rather than against each other. The expenses basis is what an organization lobbying on its own behalf files — usually for itself, sometimes for an affiliate under a different name — so a name on the second list is the client the filing names, not necessarily a claim that the registrant lobbied for someone else's account. Across every relationship on file — not just those shown — this registrant reported $0 in fees and $19.6M in expenses.
CHM · 1 client
33 filings
$8.6M on those filings
Natural Resources
NAT · 1 client
31 filings
$7.8M on those filings
Budget/Appropriations
BUD · 1 client
30 filings
$8.1M on those filings
Food Industry (safety, labeling, etc.)
FOO · 1 client
26 filings
$6.6M on those filings
Marine/Maritime/Boating/Fisheries
MAR · 1 client
24 filings
$6.4M on those filings
Transportation
TRA · 1 client
23 filings
$6.2M on those filings
Taxation/Internal Revenue Code
TAX · 1 client
23 filings
$6.2M on those filings
Energy/Nuclear
ENG · 1 client
22 filings
$6.4M on those filings
Fuel/Gas/Oil
FUE · 1 client
21 filings
$5.9M on those filings
Agriculture
AGR · 1 client
21 filings
$5.8M on those filings
Note · A filing names one to several issue areas and reports a single dollar figure for the period, so the same money appears beside every issue that filing declares. The dollar column is therefore money on filings that named this issue — it is not a split of the total, and these figures sum above it. Filing counts do not double-count.
Kusai Merchant18 filings1 client · through 2013
Amy Elizabeth Folkerts17 filings1 client · through 2026
Melissa Carey16 filings1 client · through 2013
Richard A. Denison15 filings1 client · through 2016
Sophia Osborn14 filings1 client · through 2026
Ruth Driscoll-Lovejoy14 filings1 client · through 2024
Walter PrattCovered position: Worked for Rep. Steve Israel from 2001-2013 Worked for Rep. Ken Lucas in 2000 Worked for House Appropriations Committee (concurrently) from 2007-201114 filings1 client · through 2016
Andrew Lentz13 filings1 client · through 2026
Toby Short12 filings1 client · through 2022
John Mimikakis12 filings1 client · through 2012
Mark Macleod11 filings1 client · through 2012
Nyasha Theresa Osifeso10 filings1 client · through 2026
Caitlin Hart10 filings1 client · through 2022
Adena Leibman9 filings1 client · through 2022
Lea Senft8 filings1 client · through 2023
Callie Eideberg8 filings1 client · through 2022
Christopher Worrell8 filings1 client · through 2022
Caroline Paulsen8 filings1 client · through 2014
Karen Florini8 filings1 client · through 2011
Priyanka Sundareshan7 filings1 client · through 2019
Brendan Fitzsimons7 filings1 client · through 2011
Elizabeth Thompson7 filings1 client · through 2010
Kendra Hughes6 filings1 client · through 2022
Clarence Tong6 filings1 client · through 2021
Amanda Carmichael Warner6 filings1 client · through 2012
Covered positions · 1 of 39 lobbyists named on these filings disclosed a prior government post. A covered official position is the LD-2 field a lobbyist uses to report having held one; the text is reproduced exactly as filed.
