Note · At least one filing discloses a foreign entity with an interest in a client this registrant represents. Those disclosures are listed below.
Reported spend over time
Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who they lobby for
This registrant files only on its own behalf — it has never reported a fee for representing anyone else.
Reported as lobbying expenses
Money reported as spent on lobbying rather than as a fee charged to a client.
Issue areas declared on the filings, ranked by how many filings name each one.
Communications/Broadcasting/Radio/TV
COM · 1 client
28 filings
$42.7M on those filings
Trade (domestic/foreign)
TRD · 1 client
24 filings
$41.6M on those filings
Note · A filing names one to several issue areas and reports a single dollar figure for the period, so the same money appears beside every issue that filing declares. The dollar column is therefore — it is not a split of the total, and these figures sum above it. Filing counts do not double-count.
Who does the lobbying
Every lobbyist named on this registrant's filings.
Eric Ebenstein32 filings1 client · through 2026
Derrick DockeryCovered position: Business & Intergovernmental Coalition Director - Speaker Paul Ryan; Press Asst. & Coalitions Coordinator - House Oversight Committee; Press Asst. - House Budget Committee26 filings1 client · through 2026
Kim LipskyCovered position: Staff Director, Senate Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee; Staff Director, Senate Special Committee on Aging, and Staff Director, Senate Veterans' Affairs Committee26 filings1 client · through 2026
Albert Calamug25 filings1 client · through 2026
Foreign interests disclosed
Every foreign entity named on this registrant's filings.
Bytedance Ltd. (Owns 100% of Bytedance Inc.; 100% of Tiktok Ltd.)
Cayman Islands
3 filings
through 2025
Tiktok Ltd. (Owns 100% of Tiktok LLC Which Owns 100% of Tiktok Inc.)
Cayman Islands
3 filings
through 2025
The filings
The 20 most recent of 30 filings. Every figure above is built from these records.
This record groups every filed spelling of the registrant's name into one entity, so punctuation variants of the same firm read as one. The grouping is the registrant's normalized name — firms that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: bytedance-inc.
Reading this · An LD-2 reports either a fee the registrant charged or expenses it spent, never both on one filing, so the two lists above are different quantities and are ranked separately rather than against each other. The expenses basis is what an organization lobbying on its own behalf files — usually for itself, sometimes for an affiliate under a different name — so a name on the second list is the client the filing names, not necessarily a claim that the registrant lobbied for someone else's account. Across every relationship on file — not just those shown — this registrant reported $0 in fees and $42.7M in expenses.
money on filings that named this issue
Edgar Mcconnell Abrams
Covered position: Chief of Staff to US Senator Dean Heller; Chief of Staff to US Congressman Dean Heller; Communications Director to US Senator David Vitter; Communications Director to US Congressman Jim McCrery
25 filings1 client · through 2026
Michael BloomCovered position: Staff Asst., Dir. of Intergovernmental Affairs, Dep. Policy Dir. and Sr. Advisor - House Democratic Leader, Rep. Nancy Pelosi; Policy Associate, Dep. Policy Dir. and Dir. of Intergovernmental Affairs - Speaker of the House, Rep. Nancy Pelosi25 filings1 client · through 2026
Michael E HackerCovered position: Communications Director, Office of Rep. John Dingell; Floor Director, Office of the House Majority Whip; Senior Advisor, Office of the Assistant Democratic Leader; Senior Advisor, Office of the House Majority Whip25 filings1 client · through 2026
Michael BeckermanCovered position: LC/LA - Rep. Fred Upton; LD - Northeast-Midwest Cong. Coalition; LD-Rep. Conaway; Policy Director - Rep. Fred Upton; Comm. Deputy Staff Director Energy & Commerce Committee25 filings1 client · through 2025
Stephen Anthony MartinkoCovered position: Staff Asst, Rep Gibbons; LA, Rep Porter; Floor Debate Coord/Dir of Floor Debate, House Rep Conf; LD/Dep CoS/CoS, Rep Shuster; Dep Staff Dir, House T&I Committee25 filings1 client · through 2025
FREDERIC BARNES iiiCovered position: Spec. Assistant to the Deputy Whip - Rep. Eric Cantor; Floor Assistant, Majority Whip - Rep. Kevin McCarthy24 filings1 client · through 2025
Jason SamuelsCovered position: Comm. Director - Rep. Mike Johnson; Comm. Director - Republican Study Cmte.; Director of Strategic Comm. - Senate Republican Conf. Vice Chair Sen. Joni Ernst; Comm. Director/Press Sec./Leg. Asst./Leg. Correspondent/Staff Asst. - Sen./Rep Jeff Flake.16 filings1 client · through 2024
Alex HarmanCovered position: LC/Leg Aide, Sen. Bayh; Leg Counsel/Gen Counsel, Sen. Mark Udall; Senior Counsel/Chief Counsel, Sen. Hirono; Staff Dir/Chief of Staff, Rep. Horsford; White House Liaison, Dept. of Homeland Security14 filings1 client · through 2026
David Lieber13 filings1 client · through 2025
Elizabeth OblingerCovered position: Staff Assistant, Legislative Correspondent, Legislative Aide - Sen. Rob Portman12 filings1 client · through 2026
Carl Szabo9 filings1 client · through 2026
Carolyn Lowry9 filings1 client · through 2022
David J. UrbanCovered position: Chief of Staff, Senator Arlen Specter6 filings1 client · through 2021
Ziad2 filings1 client · through 2026
Ziad Ojakli2 filings1 client · through 2026
L'Allegro Henry SmithCovered position: Intern, Staff Assistant, Special Assistant, Legislative Assistant - Rep. Robert Scott2 filings1 client · through 2025
L'Allegro1 filing1 client · through 2026
Covered positions · 14 of 22 lobbyists named on these filings disclosed a prior government post. A covered official position is the LD-2 field a lobbyist uses to report having held one; the text is reproduced exactly as filed.
Byteteam Ltd. (Owns Approximately 21% of Bytedance Ltd.)
Virgin Islands (British)
2 filings
through 2024
Zhang Yiming (Owns 100% of Byteteam Ltd)
China
2 filings
through 2024
Gogoku Ltd. (Owns Approximately 21% of Bytedance LTD.)(FORMERLY Byteteam Ltd.)
Virgin Islands (British)
1 filing
through 2025
Zhang Yiming (Owns 100% of Gogoku Ltd.)
Singapore
1 filing
through 2025
Bytedance Ltd
Cayman Islands
1 filing
through 2019
Bytedance Ltd (Owns 100% of Bytedance Inc.; 100% of Tiktok Ltd)
Cayman Islands
1 filing
through 2019
Bytedance Ltd Cayman
Cayman Islands
1 filing
through 2019
Byteteam Ltd (Owns Approximately 21% of Bytedance Ltd)
Virgin Islands (British)
1 filing
through 2019
Byteteam Ltd (Owns Approximately 22% of Bytedance Ltd)
Virgin Islands (British)
1 filing
through 2019
Tiktok Ltd (Owns 100% of Tiktok LLC Which Owns 100% of Tiktok Inc.)
Cayman Islands
1 filing
through 2019
What this discloses · An LD-2 reports foreign entities that hold an interest in, or contribute to, the client — so these are foreign interests behind the organizations this registrant files for, not owners of the registrant itself. Disclosure is a reporting requirement, not an allegation.
