Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who lobbies for them
Every outside firm that has filed on this client's behalf, by fees reported.
Reading this · LD-2 reports a hired firm's fee and a registrant's reported expenses on separate lines and never both on one filing, so the two lists above are different quantities and are ranked separately rather than against each other. Firm names link to their own record as the firms chapter lands.
What they lobby on
Issue areas declared on the filings, ranked by how many filings name each one.
Environment/Superfund
ENV
20 filings
$590K on those filings
Science/Technology
SCI
19 filings
$740K on those filings
Education
EDU
Bills named in the filings
The 15 most-cited of 26 bill references, extracted from the activity descriptions.
Charles CooperSignal Group Consulting, LLCCovered position: CoS, Rep. Adam Putnam; Policy Director, House Rep Conference; Staff Director, Rep Policy Committee; LD, Rep. Mario Diaz-Balart; LA, Rep. Felix Grucci; LC, Senator Jon Kyl; Staff Asst., Senator Connie Mack31 filingsthrough 2020
Jeff MarkeySignal Group Consulting, LLCCovered position: Intern, Senator John Seymour21 filingsthrough 2017
Laura LightbodySignal Group Consulting, LLC13 filingsthrough 2015
Madeline WadeSignal Group Consulting, LLCCovered position: Special Projects Director, Rep. Greg Walden
The filings
The 20 most recent of 29 filings. Every figure above is built from these records.
This record groups every filed spelling of the client's name into one entity, so "MERCK & CO., INC." and "MERCK & CO INC" read as the same company. The grouping is the client's normalized name — organizations that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: xprize-foundation.
8 filings
$150K on those filings
Aerospace
AER
6 filings
$240K on those filings
Health Issues
HCR
4 filings
$100K on those filings
Marine/Maritime/Boating/Fisheries
MAR
3 filings
$120K on those filings
Medical/Disease Research/Clinical Labs
MED
3 filings
$120K on those filings
Disaster Planning/Emergencies
DIS
3 filings
$50K on those filings
Note · A filing names one to several issue areas and reports a single dollar figure for the period, so the same money appears beside every issue that filing declares. The dollar column is therefore spend on filings that named this issue — it is not a split of the total, and these figures sum above it. Filing counts do not double-count.
H.R. 4190114th CongressSpectrum Challenge Prize Act of 20154 filingsthrough 2016
H.R. 4811114th CongressCoral Reef Sustainability Through Innovation Act of 20164 filingsthrough 2016
S. 2067114th CongressEUREKA Act4 filingsthrough 2016
How these are found · Bill references are extracted from the free-text activity description each filing writes, then matched to the Congress in session that filing year. A reference we can't match to a bill on file is still shown, unlinked — we cite what the filing said rather than guess at what it meant. Naming a bill is not a position on it: LD-2 records that a client lobbied on the bill, never which side.
9 filingsthrough 2020
Erin C. H. NealSignal Group Consulting, LLCCovered position: Legislative Assistant, Senator Bill Nelson; Policy Analyst, Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress; Volunteer, US Peace Corps; Legislative Correspondent, Rep. Peter Barca; Staff Asst., Rep. Eddie Bernice Johnson8 filingsthrough 2017
ROBERT ENOCH HOBART ivSignal Group Consulting, LLCCovered position: Deputy COS, Congressman Zach Wamp ; ; Legislative Director, Congressman Rick Hill ; ; Legislative Assistant, Congresswoman Barbara Vucanovich8 filingsthrough 2014
Matthew BrownSignal Group Consulting, LLC8 filingsthrough 2014
Clare AdamsSignal Group Consulting, LLCCovered position: Intern, International Trade Association7 filingsthrough 2017
Samuel WhitehornSignal Group Consulting, LLCCovered position: DeputySD/GC, US Senate Commerce Committee; Acting SD, US Senate Commerce Committee; Sr. Counsel, US Senate Commerce Committee6 filingsthrough 2017
Steve McbeeSignal Group Consulting, LLCCovered position: Legislative Aide, Congressman Norm Dicks ; ; Legislative Aide, Congresswoman Maria Cantwell ; ; Legislative Aide, Congressman Al Swift5 filingsthrough 2013
Robert MarcusSignal Group Consulting, LLCCovered position: Special Asst., to the President for Legislative Affairs, EOP; Professional Staff Member, House Committee on Foreign Affairs, LA, Rep. janice D. Schakowsky3 filingsthrough 2018
Greg GarciaSignal Group Consulting, LLCCovered position: Assistant Secretary, Cyber Security and Communications, US Department of Homeland Security; Professional Staff, Committee on Science, US House of Representatives1 filingthrough 2015
Covered positions · 10 of 12 lobbyists named on these filings disclosed a prior government post. The text is reproduced exactly as filed.
