Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who lobbies for them
Every outside firm that has filed on this client's behalf, by fees reported.
Issue areas declared on the filings, ranked by how many filings name each one.
Copyright/Patent/Trademark
CPT
37 filings
$1.7M on those filings
Law Enforcement/Crime/Criminal Justice
LAW
8 filings
$520K on those filings
Note · A filing names one to several issue areas and reports a single dollar figure for the period, so the same money appears beside every issue that filing declares. The dollar column is therefore — it is not a split of the total, and these figures sum above it. Filing counts do not double-count.
Bills named in the filings
The 15 most-cited of 22 bill references, extracted from the activity descriptions.
Kristi RemingtonWest Front Strategies LLCCovered position: Deputy Assistant Attorney General, US Department of Justice; Senior Counsel, House Government Reform Committee23 filingsthrough 2024
Craig KalkutWest Front Strategies LLCCovered position: Staff Director/Chief Counsel, Senate Judiciary Committee; Analyst, Senate Budget Committee; Counsel, Legislative Assistant, Special Assistant to Chief Staff, Senator Kent Conrad23 filingsthrough 2024
The filings
The 20 most recent of 46 filings. Every figure above is built from these records.
This record groups every filed spelling of the client's name into one entity, so "MERCK & CO., INC." and "MERCK & CO INC" read as the same company. The grouping is the client's normalized name — organizations that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: united-for-patent-reform.
Reading this · LD-2 reports a hired firm's fee and a registrant's reported expenses on separate lines and never both on one filing, so the two lists above are different quantities and are ranked separately rather than against each other. Firm names link to their own record as the firms chapter lands.
spend on filings that named this issue
118th Congress
Patent Eligibility Restoration Act of 2023
6 filingsthrough 2024
S. 2220118th CongressPREVAIL Act6 filingsthrough 2024
S. 2891117th CongressRestoring the America Invents Act6 filingsthrough 2022
S. 2082116th CongressSTRONGER Patents Act of 20196 filingsthrough 2020
H.R. 2045114th CongressTargeting Rogue and Opaque Letters Act of 20156 filingsthrough 2015
H.R. 3152119th CongressPatent Eligibility Restoration Act of 20255 filingsthrough 2026
S. 1546119th CongressPatent Eligibility Restoration Act of 20255 filingsthrough 2026
S. 1553119th CongressPREVAIL Act5 filingsthrough 2026
H.R. 4370119th CongressSAMS Act of 20252 filingsthrough 2025
S. 2140119th CongressHaskell Indian Nations University Improvement Act2 filingsthrough 2025
S. 2220119th CongressFighting for the Overlooked Recognition of Groups Operating in Toxic Test Environments in Nevada (FORGOTTEN) Veterans Act of 20252 filingsthrough 2025
How these are found · Bill references are extracted from the free-text activity description each filing writes, then matched to the Congress in session that filing year. A reference we can't match to a bill on file is still shown, unlinked — we cite what the filing said rather than guess at what it meant. Naming a bill is not a position on it: LD-2 records that a client lobbied on the bill, never which side.
Barry LasalaAvoq, LLCCovered position: Counsel, Senate Small Business Committee10 filingsthrough 2016
Steven ElmendorfAvoq, LLCCovered position: Exec. Asst., Sen. Adams; Admin. Asst., Rep. Eckart ; ; Admin., Asst., House Majority Leader ; ; Deputy COS and COS, House Minority Leader10 filingsthrough 2016
Kristina KennedyAvoq, LLC9 filingsthrough 2016
Robert CogornoAvoq, LLC9 filingsthrough 2016
James RyanAvoq, LLC9 filingsthrough 2016
Stacey AlexanderAvoq, LLC9 filingsthrough 2016
Patrick BouslimanAvoq, LLC9 filingsthrough 2016
Danielle MaurerFierce Government RelationsCovered position: Staff Assistant, House Rules Committee ; ; Professional Staff Member, House Rules Committee ; ; Senior Floor Assistant, House Majority Leader ; ; Director of Member Services, Office of the Republican Leader ; ; Director of Member Services, Office of the Speaker ; ; Staff Assistant, Offie of Management and Budget ; ; Deputy to the Associate Director, OMB9 filingsthrough 2016
Kate HullFierce Government RelationsCovered position: Staff Director for Senate HELP & Subcommittee on Aging ; ; Senior Legislative Assistant, Senator Tim Hutchinson ; ; Legislative Staff, Senator Bill Cohen9 filingsthrough 2016
Kirsten ChadwickFierce Government RelationsCovered position: Special Assistant to the President for Legislative Affairs9 filingsthrough 2016
Aleix JarvisFierce Government RelationsCovered position: Legislative Director, Senator Lindsey Graham ; ; Legislative Director, Congressman Lindsey Graham ; ; Legislative Assistant, Congressman Lindsey Graham ; ; Staff Assistant, Congressman Charles Taylor9 filingsthrough 2016
William PiperFierce Government RelationsCovered position: Special Assistant, Senator McConnell ; ; Legislative Correspondent, Senator McConnell ; ; Legislative Aide, Senator McConnell ; ; Legislative Assistant, Senator McConnell ; ; Appropriations Coordinator, Senator McConnell ; ; Senior Legislative Assistant, Senator McConnell ; ; Chief of Staff, Senator McConnell9 filingsthrough 2016
William Kirk BlalockFierce Government RelationsCovered position: Confidential Assistant to the Sec US Dept of Education ; ; Special Assistant to the President ; ; Deputy Director of Public Liaison, The White House9 filingsthrough 2016
Michael ChappellFierce Government RelationsCovered position: Press Aide/Office Manager to Rep. Roger Wicker ; ; Deputy Chief of Staff, Rep. Chip Pickering ; ; Special Projects Director, Rep. Pickering9 filingsthrough 2016
Tyler StephensFierce Government RelationsCovered position: Staff Assistant,Senator Isakson, Legislative Correspondent,Senator Chambliss, Legislative Assistant,Senator Chambliss, Professional Staff Member,Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, Senior Policy Advisor,Senate Select Committee on Intelligence8 filingsthrough 2016
Elizabeth W FrazeeTwinlogic Strategies, LLPCovered position: Counsel and Legislative Director, former Rep. Bob Goodlatte; Communications Director, House Energy and Commerce Committee; Press Secretary, former Rep. Tom Bliley7 filingsthrough 2026
Greg BarnesTwinlogic Strategies, LLPCovered position: Counsel, House Committee on the Judiciary7 filingsthrough 2026
William Kirk BlalockFierce, Isakowitz & BlalockCovered position: Special Assistant to the President for Legislative AffairsDeputy Director of Public Liaison, The White House2 filingsthrough 2014
Kate HullFierce, Isakowitz & BlalockCovered position: Senior Legislative Assistant, Senator Tim HutchinsonLegislative Staff, Senator Bill Cohen2 filingsthrough 2014
Michael ChappellFierce, Isakowitz & BlalockCovered position: Deputy Chief of Staff, Rep. Chip PickeringSpecial Projects Director, Rep. Pickering2 filingsthrough 2014
Danielle MaurerFierce, Isakowitz & BlalockCovered position: Professional Staff Member, House Rules CommitteeSenior Floor Assistant, House Majority LeaderDirector of Member Services, Office of the Republican LeaderDirector of Member Services, Office of the SpeakerStaff Assistant, Offie of Management and BudgetDeputy to the Associate Director, OMB2 filingsthrough 2014
William PiperFierce, Isakowitz & BlalockCovered position: Legislative Correspondent, Senator McConnellLegislative Aide, Senator McConnellLegislative Assistant, Senator McConnellAppropriations Coordinator, Senator McConnellSenior Legislative Assistant, Senator McConnellChief of Staff, Senator McConnell2 filingsthrough 2014
Covered positions · 22 of 28 lobbyists named on these filings disclosed a prior government post. The text is reproduced exactly as filed.
