Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who lobbies for them
Every outside firm that has filed on this client's behalf, by fees reported.
This record groups every filed spelling of the client's name into one entity, so "MERCK & CO., INC." and "MERCK & CO INC" read as the same company. The grouping is the client's normalized name — organizations that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: union-county.
fees reported
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Reading this · LD-2 reports a hired firm's fee and a registrant's reported expenses on separate lines and never both on one filing, so the two lists above are different quantities and are ranked separately rather than against each other. Firm names link to their own record as the firms chapter lands.
CAW
30 filings
$640K on those filings
Economics/Economic Development
ECN
29 filings
$520K on those filings
Immigration
IMM
7 filings
$140K on those filings
Taxation/Internal Revenue Code
TAX
5 filings
$100K on those filings
Medicare/Medicaid
MMM
5 filings
$100K on those filings
Labor Issues/Antitrust/Workplace
LBR
4 filings
$80K on those filings
Government Issues
GOV
1 filing
$10K on those filings
Note · A filing names one to several issue areas and reports a single dollar figure for the period, so the same money appears beside every issue that filing declares. The dollar column is therefore spend on filings that named this issue — it is not a split of the total, and these figures sum above it. Filing counts do not double-count.
110th Congress
Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2009
3 filingsthrough 2008
H.R. 1111th CongressNamed in the filings; no matching bill record on file.2 filingsthrough 2010
S. 3230110th CongressDepartments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 20092 filingsthrough 2008
S. 3261110th CongressTransportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 20092 filingsthrough 2008
How these are found · Bill references are extracted from the free-text activity description each filing writes, then matched to the Congress in session that filing year. A reference we can't match to a bill on file is still shown, unlinked — we cite what the filing said rather than guess at what it meant. Naming a bill is not a position on it: LD-2 records that a client lobbied on the bill, never which side.
Laura Lay
Winning Strategies Washington
19 filingsthrough 2015
Kristen MichaelsWinning Strategies WashingtonCovered position: Sr Approps LA & Projects Dir., Sen. Lautenberg12 filingsthrough 2014
Covered positions · 3 of 6 lobbyists named on these filings disclosed a prior government post. The text is reproduced exactly as filed.
