Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who lobbies for them
Every outside firm that has filed on this client's behalf, by fees reported.
This record groups every filed spelling of the client's name into one entity, so "MERCK & CO., INC." and "MERCK & CO INC" read as the same company. The grouping is the client's normalized name — organizations that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: sri-international.
Reading this · LD-2 reports a hired firm's fee and a registrant's reported expenses on separate lines and never both on one filing, so the two lists above are different quantities and are ranked separately rather than against each other. Firm names link to their own record as the firms chapter lands.
57 filings
$1.8M on those filings
Science/Technology
SCI
47 filings
$2.1M on those filings
Homeland Security
HOM
43 filings
$1.6M on those filings
Medical/Disease Research/Clinical Labs
MED
34 filings
$1.6M on those filings
Education
EDU
17 filings
$810K on those filings
Government Issues
GOV
8 filings
$340K on those filings
Labor Issues/Antitrust/Workplace
LBR
4 filings
$80K on those filings
Health Issues
HCR
4 filings
$80K on those filings
Marine/Maritime/Boating/Fisheries
MAR
4 filings
$60K on those filings
Note · A filing names one to several issue areas and reports a single dollar figure for the period, so the same money appears beside every issue that filing declares. The dollar column is therefore spend on filings that named this issue — it is not a split of the total, and these figures sum above it. Filing counts do not double-count.
113th Congress
TRANSFER Act of 2013
6 filingsthrough 2014
H.R. 4923113th CongressEnergy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 20156 filingsthrough 2014
H.R. 4016119th CongressDepartment of Defense Appropriations Act, 20263 filingsthrough 2025
S. 2296119th CongressNational Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 20263 filingsthrough 2025
How these are found · Bill references are extracted from the free-text activity description each filing writes, then matched to the Congress in session that filing year. A reference we can't match to a bill on file is still shown, unlinked — we cite what the filing said rather than guess at what it meant. Naming a bill is not a position on it: LD-2 records that a client lobbied on the bill, never which side.
Mark KadeshKadesh & Associates, LLCCovered position: Rep. Harman (1995-1997) Sen. Feinstein (1998-2007)29 filingsthrough 2016
William H SkipperAmerican Business Development Group23 filingsthrough 2014
Gordon MerrittAmerican Business Development Group23 filingsthrough 2014
Katelyn CostelloInnovative Federal Strategies, LLCCovered position: Executive Assistant, Consumer Product Safety Commission / Communications Director/EA, Rep. Ann Marie Buerkle22 filingsthrough 2026
Michael HersonAmerican Defense InternationalCovered position: Spec Asst to Asst Sec Def, Force Mgmt & Prsnnl21 filingsthrough 2013
David Frederick KilianInnovative Federal Strategies, LLC15 filingsthrough 2012
Neely Marcus SilbeyInnovative Federal Strategies, LLC11 filingsthrough 2021
Jessica EggimannInnovative Federal Strategies, LLC11 filingsthrough 2011
Elizabeth GrooverAmerican Business Development Group10 filingsthrough 2011
George DemetriadesAmerican Business Development Group10 filingsthrough 2011
Mackenzie RoweInnovative Federal Strategies, LLC6 filingsthrough 2020
Alan SuskeyThree Bridges Advisors, Inc.6 filingsthrough 2012
Danica L PetroshiusPenn Hill GroupCovered position: Chief of Staff, Senator Edward M. Kennedy; Deputy Staff Director, U.S. Senate HELP Committee; Chief Education Advisor, U.S. Senate HELP Committee; and Education Legislative Assistant, U.S. Senate HELP Committee5 filingsthrough 2020
Lindsay FryerPenn Hill GroupCovered position: Senior Education Policy Advisor, Senate Health Education Labor Pensions Committee; and Professional Staff Member, Committee on Education and The Workforce5 filingsthrough 2020
Colby JenkinsAmerican Business Development Group5 filingsthrough 2011
Randall L WestRobison International, Inc.Covered position: DAS of Defense for Legislative Affairs5 filingsthrough 2009
