Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who lobbies for them
Every outside firm that has filed on this client's behalf, by fees reported.
Reading this · LD-2 reports a hired firm's fee and a registrant's reported expenses on separate lines and never both on one filing, so the two lists above are different quantities and are ranked separately rather than against each other. Firm names link to their own record as the firms chapter lands.
What they lobby on
Issue areas declared on the filings, ranked by how many filings name each one.
Budget/Appropriations
BUD
67 filings
$1.4M on those filings
Education
EDU
26 filings
$560K on those filings
Defense
DEF
Bills named in the filings
Every bill reference extracted from the filings' activity descriptions.
H.R. 2482115th CongressFederal Perkins Loan Program Extension Act of 20175 filingsthrough 2018
S. 1808115th CongressFederal Perkins Loan Program Extension Act of 20175 filingsthrough 2018
This record groups every filed spelling of the client's name into one entity, so "MERCK & CO., INC." and "MERCK & CO INC" read as the same company. The grouping is the client's normalized name — organizations that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: seton-hall-university.
8 filings
$160K on those filings
Environment/Superfund
ENV
8 filings
$160K on those filings
Foreign Relations
FOR
3 filings
$60K on those filings
Health Issues
HCR
3 filings
$60K on those filings
Immigration
IMM
2 filings
$40K on those filings
Taxation/Internal Revenue Code
TAX
1 filing
$20K on those filings
Note · A filing names one to several issue areas and reports a single dollar figure for the period, so the same money appears beside every issue that filing declares. The dollar column is therefore spend on filings that named this issue — it is not a split of the total, and these figures sum above it. Filing counts do not double-count.
115th Congress
PROSPER Act
4 filingsthrough 2018
H.R. 1119th CongressAn act to provide for reconciliation pursuant to title II of H. Con. Res. 14.3 filingsthrough 2025
H.R. 1111th CongressNamed in the filings; no matching bill record on file.3 filingsthrough 2010
S. 3230110th CongressDepartments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 20092 filingsthrough 2008
S. 3258110th CongressEnergy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 20092 filingsthrough 2008
S. 3230111th CongressNamed in the filings; no matching bill record on file.1 filingthrough 2009
S. 3258111th CongressNamed in the filings; no matching bill record on file.1 filingthrough 2009
How these are found · Bill references are extracted from the free-text activity description each filing writes, then matched to the Congress in session that filing year. A reference we can't match to a bill on file is still shown, unlinked — we cite what the filing said rather than guess at what it meant. Naming a bill is not a position on it: LD-2 records that a client lobbied on the bill, never which side.
through 2011
Michael A MerolaWinning Strategies Washington10 filingsthrough 2011
Elizabeth ConnollyWinning Strategies WashingtonCovered position: Assistant Director of the Office of Public Health, Office of National Drug Control Policy9 filingsthrough 2026
Covered positions · 4 of 6 lobbyists named on these filings disclosed a prior government post. The text is reproduced exactly as filed.
