Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who lobbies for them
This organization files only for itself — no outside firm has reported fees for it.
Reported as lobbying expenses
Money reported as spent on lobbying rather than as a fee paid to an outside firm. See the full list.
This record groups every filed spelling of the client's name into one entity, so "MERCK & CO., INC." and "MERCK & CO INC" read as the same company. The grouping is the client's normalized name — organizations that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: pennsylvania-state-university.
Reading this · LD-2 reports a hired firm's fee and a registrant's reported expenses on separate lines and never both on one filing, so the two lists above are different quantities and are ranked separately rather than against each other. Firm names link to their own record as the firms chapter lands.
69 filings
$8.6M on those filings
Agriculture
AGR
69 filings
$8.6M on those filings
Defense
DEF
69 filings
$8.6M on those filings
Transportation
TRA
63 filings
$7.9M on those filings
Science/Technology
SCI
62 filings
$7.8M on those filings
Energy/Nuclear
ENG
62 filings
$7.7M on those filings
Foreign Relations
FOR
45 filings
$5.8M on those filings
Telecommunications
TEC
39 filings
$4.9M on those filings
Natural Resources
NAT
27 filings
$3.3M on those filings
Arts/Entertainment
ART
26 filings
$3.4M on those filings
Note · A filing names one to several issue areas and reports a single dollar figure for the period, so the same money appears beside every issue that filing declares. The dollar column is therefore spend on filings that named this issue — it is not a split of the total, and these figures sum above it. Filing counts do not double-count.
114th Congress
Innovation Act
8 filingsthrough 2016
S. 771114th CongressManufacturing Universities Act of 20158 filingsthrough 2016
H.R. 1718114th CongressCollegiate Housing and Infrastructure Act of 20157 filingsthrough 2016
H.R. 1806114th CongressAmerica COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 20157 filingsthrough 2016
H.R. 849114th CongressTo grant a Federal charter to the National Academy of Inventors.7 filingsthrough 2016
S. 1260117th CongressUnited States Innovation and Competition Act of 20216 filingsthrough 2022
S. 779114th CongressFair Access to Science and Technology Research Act of 20156 filingsthrough 2016
S. 1988117th CongressProtecting Rural Telehealth Access Act5 filingsthrough 2022
S. 368117th CongressTelehealth Modernization Act5 filingsthrough 2022
How these are found · Bill references are extracted from the free-text activity description each filing writes, then matched to the Congress in session that filing year. A reference we can't match to a bill on file is still shown, unlinked — we cite what the filing said rather than guess at what it meant. Naming a bill is not a position on it: LD-2 records that a client lobbied on the bill, never which side.
21 filingsthrough 2016
Margaret A SheelyThe Pennsylvania State UniversityCovered position: Leg. Correspondent to Congressman Geoff Davis19 filingsthrough 2013
Malcolm WarbrickThe Pennsylvania State University17 filingsthrough 2026
Richard Dennis DieugenioThe Pennsylvania State University15 filingsthrough 2011
Michael StefanThe Pennsylvania State University9 filingsthrough 2026
MichaelThe Pennsylvania State University1 filingthrough 2026
Covered positions · 2 of 10 lobbyists named on these filings disclosed a prior government post. The text is reproduced exactly as filed.
