66 filings from 4 registrants · 2008–2021 · latest filed Jan 20, 2022
Reported on its behalf
$4.3M
every LD-2 on file
Its own filed spend
$3.4M
lobbying for itself
Fees to outside firms
$960K
across every firm on file
Spend over time
Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who lobbies for them
Every outside firm that has filed on this client's behalf, by fees reported.
This record groups every filed spelling of the client's name into one entity, so "MERCK & CO., INC." and "MERCK & CO INC" read as the same company. The grouping is the client's normalized name — organizations that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: oxbow-carbon-llc.
Reading this · LD-2 reports a hired firm's fee and a registrant's reported expenses on separate lines and never both on one filing, so the two lists above are different quantities and are ranked separately rather than against each other. Firm names link to their own record as the firms chapter lands.
19 filings
$3.2M on those filings
Environment/Superfund
ENV
19 filings
$2.9M on those filings
Clean Air and Water (quality)
CAW
12 filings
$2.7M on those filings
Transportation
TRA
8 filings
$2.6M on those filings
Railroads
RRR
5 filings
$80K on those filings
Real Estate/Land Use/Conservation
RES
4 filings
$240K on those filings
Note · A filing names one to several issue areas and reports a single dollar figure for the period, so the same money appears beside every issue that filing declares. The dollar column is therefore spend on filings that named this issue — it is not a split of the total, and these figures sum above it. Filing counts do not double-count.
112th Congress
MAP-21
3 filingsthrough 2012
S. 2465112th CongressEnergy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 20133 filingsthrough 2012
H.R. 2298114th CongressMedicare Patient Safety and Drug Abuse Prevention Act2 filingsthrough 2015
S. 1388114th CongressCuba Normalization Accountability Act of 20152 filingsthrough 2015
H.R. 4281112th CongressSurface Transportation Extension Act of 20122 filingsthrough 2012
H.R. 5325112th CongressEnergy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 20132 filingsthrough 2012
S. 146111th CongressNamed in the filings; no matching bill record on file.2 filingsthrough 2009
S. 638113th CongressRailroad Antitrust Enforcement Act of 20131 filingthrough 2013
How these are found · Bill references are extracted from the free-text activity description each filing writes, then matched to the Congress in session that filing year. A reference we can't match to a bill on file is still shown, unlinked — we cite what the filing said rather than guess at what it meant. Naming a bill is not a position on it: LD-2 records that a client lobbied on the bill, never which side.
11 filingsthrough 2014
Stephen BaileyInvariant LLCCovered position: Leg Asst/ Tax Counsel, Sen. Kent Conrad10 filingsthrough 2015
