Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who lobbies for them
This organization files only for itself — no outside firm has reported fees for it.
Reported as lobbying expenses
Money reported as spent on lobbying rather than as a fee paid to an outside firm. See the full list.
This record groups every filed spelling of the client's name into one entity, so "MERCK & CO., INC." and "MERCK & CO INC" read as the same company. The grouping is the client's normalized name — organizations that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: northwestern-univ.
Reading this · LD-2 reports a hired firm's fee and a registrant's reported expenses on separate lines and never both on one filing, so the two lists above are different quantities and are ranked separately rather than against each other. Firm names link to their own record as the firms chapter lands.
63 filings
$10.2M on those filings
Immigration
IMM
57 filings
$8.7M on those filings
Taxation/Internal Revenue Code
TAX
48 filings
$8.5M on those filings
Economics/Economic Development
ECN
35 filings
$5.4M on those filings
Defense
DEF
33 filings
$5.5M on those filings
Medical/Disease Research/Clinical Labs
MED
30 filings
$4.8M on those filings
Medicare/Medicaid
MMM
16 filings
$1.8M on those filings
Veterans
VET
14 filings
$2.3M on those filings
Copyright/Patent/Trademark
CPT
13 filings
$2M on those filings
Sports/Athletics
SPO
10 filings
$2.2M on those filings
Note · A filing names one to several issue areas and reports a single dollar figure for the period, so the same money appears beside every issue that filing declares. The dollar column is therefore spend on filings that named this issue — it is not a split of the total, and these figures sum above it. Filing counts do not double-count.
114th Congress
Campus Accountability and Safety Act
12 filingsthrough 2016
H.R. 531114th CongressAccelerating Biomedical Research Act12 filingsthrough 2016
H.R. 644114th CongressTrade Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act of 201512 filingsthrough 2016
S. 108114th CongressFinancial Aid Simplification and Transparency Act of 201512 filingsthrough 2016
S. 153114th CongressI-Squared Act of 201512 filingsthrough 2016
S. 289114th CongressAmerican Cures Act12 filingsthrough 2016
S. 318114th CongressAccelerating Biomedical Research Act12 filingsthrough 2016
S. 559114th CongressSupporting Academic Freedom through Regulatory Relief Act12 filingsthrough 2016
S. 590114th CongressCampus Accountability and Safety Act12 filingsthrough 2016
S. 632114th CongressSTRONG Patents Act of 201512 filingsthrough 2016
How these are found · Bill references are extracted from the free-text activity description each filing writes, then matched to the Congress in session that filing year. A reference we can't match to a bill on file is still shown, unlinked — we cite what the filing said rather than guess at what it meant. Naming a bill is not a position on it: LD-2 records that a client lobbied on the bill, never which side.
