Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who lobbies for them
Every outside firm that has filed on this client's behalf, by fees reported.
Reading this · LD-2 reports a hired firm's fee and a registrant's reported expenses on separate lines and never both on one filing, so the two lists above are different quantities and are ranked separately rather than against each other. Firm names link to their own record as the firms chapter lands.
What they lobby on
Issue areas declared on the filings, ranked by how many filings name each one.
Communications/Broadcasting/Radio/TV
COM
39 filings
$730K on those filings
Budget/Appropriations
BUD
28 filings
$600K on those filings
Defense
Bills named in the filings
Every bill reference extracted from the filings' activity descriptions.
S. 4049118th CongressSupporting National Security with Spectrum Act4 filingsthrough 2024
H.R. 960115th CongressTo amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to provide for the tax-exempt financing of certain government-owned buildings.4 filingsthrough 2018
This record groups every filed spelling of the client's name into one entity, so "MERCK & CO., INC." and "MERCK & CO INC" read as the same company. The grouping is the client's normalized name — organizations that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: northern-michigan-university.
DEF
15 filings
$420K on those filings
Education
EDU
12 filings
$280K on those filings
Sports/Athletics
SPO
2 filings
Telecommunications
TEC
1 filing
$5K on those filings
Veterans
VET
1 filing
Note · A filing names one to several issue areas and reports a single dollar figure for the period, so the same money appears beside every issue that filing declares. The dollar column is therefore spend on filings that named this issue — it is not a split of the total, and these figures sum above it. Filing counts do not double-count.
114th Congress
Federal Perkins Loan Program Extension Act of 2015
4 filingsthrough 2016
H.R. 4119th CongressRescissions Act of 20252 filingsthrough 2025
S. 4472116th CongressEnsuring Network Security Act2 filingsthrough 2020
H.R. 4909114th CongressNational Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 20172 filingsthrough 2016
S. 2943114th CongressNational Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 20172 filingsthrough 2016
S. 2692113th CongressCampus Accountability and Safety Act2 filingsthrough 2014
H.R. 3686111th CongressNamed in the filings; no matching bill record on file.2 filingsthrough 2010
S. 3677111th CongressNamed in the filings; no matching bill record on file.2 filingsthrough 2010
S.Res. 37113th CongressA resolution expressing the sense of the Senate in disapproving the proposal of the International Olympic Committee Executive Board to eliminate wrestling from the Summer Olympic Games beginning in 2020.1 filingthrough 2013
How these are found · Bill references are extracted from the free-text activity description each filing writes, then matched to the Congress in session that filing year. A reference we can't match to a bill on file is still shown, unlinked — we cite what the filing said rather than guess at what it meant. Naming a bill is not a position on it: LD-2 records that a client lobbied on the bill, never which side.
through 2019
Amy CarnevaleK&L Gates, LLPCovered position: Chief of Staff, Rep. George Nethercutt, Jr.4 filingsthrough 2025
Robert William DavisK&L Gates, LLP3 filingsthrough 2008
Scott NelsonK&L Gates, LLPCovered position: Sen. Byron Dorgan - Asst. Chief of Staff, Leg, Assistant, Dep. Chief of Staff; Dept. of Energy - Deputy Director of Scheduling & Advance2 filingsthrough 2023
William KirkK&L Gates, LLP2 filingsthrough 2016
James T WalshK&L Gates, LLPCovered position: U.S. Congressman2 filingsthrough 2015
John MchughK&L Gates, LLPCovered position: U.S. Congressman; Secretary of the U. S. Army1 filingthrough 2017
Covered positions · 6 of 12 lobbyists named on these filings disclosed a prior government post. The text is reproduced exactly as filed.
