Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who lobbies for them
Every outside firm that has filed on this client's behalf, by fees reported.
This record groups every filed spelling of the client's name into one entity, so "MERCK & CO., INC." and "MERCK & CO INC" read as the same company. The grouping is the client's normalized name — organizations that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: michigan-technological-university.
fees reported
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Reported as lobbying expenses
Money reported as spent on lobbying rather than as a fee paid to an outside firm. See the full list.
Reading this · LD-2 reports a hired firm's fee and a registrant's reported expenses on separate lines and never both on one filing, so the two lists above are different quantities and are ranked separately rather than against each other. Firm names link to their own record as the firms chapter lands.
107 filings
$3.3M on those filings
Energy/Nuclear
ENG
77 filings
$2.2M on those filings
Natural Resources
NAT
70 filings
$2.1M on those filings
Marine/Maritime/Boating/Fisheries
MAR
70 filings
$2.1M on those filings
Roads/Highway
ROD
70 filings
$2.1M on those filings
Education
EDU
67 filings
$2.6M on those filings
Transportation
TRA
50 filings
$2.1M on those filings
Fuel/Gas/Oil
FUE
47 filings
$875K on those filings
Environment/Superfund
ENV
45 filings
$975K on those filings
Health Issues
HCR
39 filings
$1.5M on those filings
Note · A filing names one to several issue areas and reports a single dollar figure for the period, so the same money appears beside every issue that filing declares. The dollar column is therefore spend on filings that named this issue — it is not a split of the total, and these figures sum above it. Filing counts do not double-count.
117th Congress
United States Innovation and Competition Act of 2021
7 filingsthrough 2022
H.R. 4016119th CongressDepartment of Defense Appropriations Act, 20264 filingsthrough 2026
H.R. 4121119th CongressAgriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 20264 filingsthrough 2026
H.R. 4346118th CongressSmall Bank Holding Company Relief Act of 20234 filingsthrough 2023
H.R. 2740116th CongressLabor, Health and Human Services, Education, Defense, State, Foreign Operations, and Energy and Water Development Appropriations Act, 20203 filingsthrough 2019
H.R. 3055116th CongressFurther Continuing Appropriations Act, 2020, and Further Health Extenders Act of 20193 filingsthrough 2019
H.R. 1806114th CongressAmerica COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 20153 filingsthrough 2016
H.R. 5293114th CongressDepartment of Defense Appropriations Act, 20173 filingsthrough 2016
H.R. 5325114th CongressContinuing Appropriations and Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2017, and Zika Response and Preparedness Act3 filingsthrough 2016
H.R. 5393114th CongressCommerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 20173 filingsthrough 2016
S. 3084114th CongressAmerican Innovation and Competitiveness Act3 filingsthrough 2016
H.R. 5301119th CongressPIPES Act of 20251 filingthrough 2026
How these are found · Bill references are extracted from the free-text activity description each filing writes, then matched to the Congress in session that filing year. A reference we can't match to a bill on file is still shown, unlinked — we cite what the filing said rather than guess at what it meant. Naming a bill is not a position on it: LD-2 records that a client lobbied on the bill, never which side.
Dale TahtinenMichigan Technological University
30 filingsthrough 2016
Andrew BuczekDykema Gossett PLLCCovered position: Legislative Assistant, Congressman James Barcia12 filingsthrough 2026
Mary Beth McgowanDykema Gossett PLLCCovered position: Legislative Assistant, Senator Arlen Specter12 filingsthrough 2026
James BrandellDykema Gossett PLLCCovered position: Chief of Staff, Congressman Dave Camp7 filingsthrough 2025
Leslie AlbrightFederal Science Partners LLCCovered position: Professional Staff Member, House Appropriations Committee7 filingsthrough 2023
