Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who lobbies for them
Every outside firm that has filed on this client's behalf, by fees reported.
This record groups every filed spelling of the client's name into one entity, so "MERCK & CO., INC." and "MERCK & CO INC" read as the same company. The grouping is the client's normalized name — organizations that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: leading-builders-of-america.
Reading this · LD-2 reports a hired firm's fee and a registrant's reported expenses on separate lines and never both on one filing, so the two lists above are different quantities and are ranked separately rather than against each other. Firm names link to their own record as the firms chapter lands.
109 filings
$7.7M on those filings
Energy/Nuclear
ENG
84 filings
$7.7M on those filings
Labor Issues/Antitrust/Workplace
LBR
77 filings
$4.6M on those filings
Banking
BAN
71 filings
$7.5M on those filings
Financial Institutions/Investments/Securities
FIN
54 filings
$1.6M on those filings
Clean Air and Water (quality)
CAW
37 filings
$4.4M on those filings
Trade (domestic/foreign)
TRD
23 filings
$2.6M on those filings
Economics/Economic Development
ECN
23 filings
$1.8M on those filings
Budget/Appropriations
BUD
20 filings
$2.5M on those filings
Real Estate/Land Use/Conservation
RES
17 filings
$2M on those filings
Note · A filing names one to several issue areas and reports a single dollar figure for the period, so the same money appears beside every issue that filing declares. The dollar column is therefore spend on filings that named this issue — it is not a split of the total, and these figures sum above it. Filing counts do not double-count.
117th Congress
An act to provide for reconciliation pursuant to title II of S. Con. Res. 14.
H.R. 4923114th CongressAmerican Manufacturing Competitiveness Act of 20168 filingsthrough 2016
H.R. 5171114th CongressLegacy IRA Act8 filingsthrough 2016
H.R. 685114th CongressMortgage Choice Act of 20158 filingsthrough 2016
How these are found · Bill references are extracted from the free-text activity description each filing writes, then matched to the Congress in session that filing year. A reference we can't match to a bill on file is still shown, unlinked — we cite what the filing said rather than guess at what it meant. Naming a bill is not a position on it: LD-2 records that a client lobbied on the bill, never which side.
Kenneth GearKenneth Gear
55 filingsthrough 2023
David HeilThe Ob-C Group, LLCCovered position: Congressman Sam Johnson43 filingsthrough 2026
Charles J MellodyCapitol Legislative Strategies LLCCovered position: Assistant to the Chairman, Ways and Means42 filingsthrough 2023
Jenna Morgan HamiltonCapitol Legislative Strategies LLC42 filingsthrough 2023
Michael S JohnsonThe Ob-C Group, LLC33 filingsthrough 2018
