Lobbying client · LD-2 disclosures
International Stability Operations Association
District of Columbia
55 filings from 2 registrants · 2017–2026 · latest filed Jul 17, 2026
Reported on its behalf
$540K
every LD-2 on file
Its own filed spend
$0
lobbying for itself
Fees to outside firms
$540K
across every firm on file
Spend over time
Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who lobbies for them
Every outside firm that has filed on this client's behalf, by fees reported.
Reading this · LD-2 reports a hired firm's fee and a registrant's reported expenses on separate lines and never both on one filing, so the two lists above are different quantities and are ranked separately rather than against each other. Firm names link to their own record as the firms chapter lands.
What they lobby on
Issue areas declared on the filings, ranked by how many filings name each one.
Defense
DEF
53 filings
$530K on those filings
Foreign Relations
FOR
35 filings
Note · A filing names one to several issue areas and reports a single dollar figure for the period, so the same money appears beside every issue that filing declares. The dollar column is therefore spend on filings that named this issue — it is not a split of the total, and these figures sum above it. Filing counts do not double-count.
Who did the lobbying
Every lobbyist named on this client's filings.
- Howard Lind International Stability Operations Association36 filingsthrough 2026
- Patrick Michael Large American Defense InternationalCovered position: Chief of Staff to Rep Steve Palazzo, Legislative Assistant to Rep. Sullivan, Legislative Correspondent to Rep. Charles Boustany14 filingsthrough 2026
- Josh Martin American Defense InternationalCovered position: Chief of Staff to Rep Mac Thornberry, Health Policy Director to Senator Richard Burr, Legislative Director and Deputy Chief of Staff to Congressman Michael Burgess6 filingsthrough 2023
- Jessica Steffens American Defense International Professional Staff Member, House Foreign Affairs Committee
The filings
The 20 most recent of 55 filings. Every figure above is built from these records.
This record groups every filed spelling of the client's name into one entity, so "MERCK & CO., INC." and "MERCK & CO INC" read as the same company. The grouping is the client's normalized name — organizations that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: international-stability-operations-association.