Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who lobbies for them
Every outside firm that has filed on this client's behalf, by fees reported.
Reading this · LD-2 reports a hired firm's fee and a registrant's reported expenses on separate lines and never both on one filing, so the two lists above are different quantities and are ranked separately rather than against each other. Firm names link to their own record as the firms chapter lands.
What they lobby on
Issue areas declared on the filings, ranked by how many filings name each one.
Budget/Appropriations
BUD
65 filings
$1.2M on those filings
Defense
DEF
65 filings
$1.2M on those filings
Note · A filing names one to several issue areas and reports a single dollar figure for the period, so the same money appears beside every issue that filing declares. The dollar column is therefore — it is not a split of the total, and these figures sum above it. Filing counts do not double-count.
Bills named in the filings
Every bill reference extracted from the filings' activity descriptions.
Donna MullinsWinning Strategies WashingtonCovered position: CoS/Approps Staff, Rep. Frelinghuysen and Rep. Dean Gallo; CoS Senator Chiesa67 filingsthrough 2026
Michael A MerolaWinning Strategies WashingtonCovered position: Deputy CoS, Sen. Torricelli40 filingsthrough 2026
Chelsey Penrod HickmanWinning Strategies WashingtonCovered position: CoS, LD, Rep. Kay Granger; Deputy LD, LA Sen. Larry Craig38 filingsthrough 2023
Scott MackenzieWinning Strategies Washington
The filings
The 20 most recent of 65 filings. Every figure above is built from these records.
This record groups every filed spelling of the client's name into one entity, so "MERCK & CO., INC." and "MERCK & CO INC" read as the same company. The grouping is the client's normalized name — organizations that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: frontier-polymers.
spend on filings that named this issue
110th Congress
Duncan Hunter National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2009
2 filingsthrough 2008
H.R. 2638111th CongressNamed in the filings; no matching bill record on file.1 filingthrough 2009
H.R. 5658111th CongressNamed in the filings; no matching bill record on file.1 filingthrough 2009
S. 3001111th CongressNamed in the filings; no matching bill record on file.1 filingthrough 2009
How these are found · Bill references are extracted from the free-text activity description each filing writes, then matched to the Congress in session that filing year. A reference we can't match to a bill on file is still shown, unlinked — we cite what the filing said rather than guess at what it meant. Naming a bill is not a position on it: LD-2 records that a client lobbied on the bill, never which side.
7 filings
through 2015
Laura LayWinning Strategies Washington5 filingsthrough 2012
Chris SchloesserWinning Strategies Washington5 filingsthrough 2009
Robert ZuckerWinning Strategies WashingtonCovered position: LD Rep Rothman, LA Rep Evans, Sen. Lautenberg4 filingsthrough 2014
Robert MeissnerWinning Strategies Washington4 filingsthrough 2008
Covered positions · 4 of 8 lobbyists named on these filings disclosed a prior government post. The text is reproduced exactly as filed.
