Lobbying client · LD-2 disclosures
Focus: Hope
Michigan
9 filings from 1 registrant · 2016–2018 · latest filed Apr 18, 2018
Reported on its behalf
$80K
every LD-2 on file
Its own filed spend
$0
lobbying for itself
Fees to outside firms
$80K
across every firm on file
Spend over time
Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who lobbies for them
Every outside firm that has filed on this client's behalf, by fees reported.
Reading this · LD-2 reports a hired firm's fee and a registrant's reported expenses on separate lines and never both on one filing, so the two lists above are different quantities and are ranked separately rather than against each other. Firm names link to their own record as the firms chapter lands.
What they lobby on
Issue areas declared on the filings, ranked by how many filings name each one.
Agriculture
AGR
8 filings
$80K on those filings
Budget/Appropriations
BUD
8 filings
$80K on those filings
Defense
DEF
Who did the lobbying
Every lobbyist named on this client's filings.
- Anita R. Estell The Estell Group LLCCovered position: President & CEO10 filingsthrough 2018
- Susan Mcavoy The Estell Group LLCCovered position: Senior Policy Advisor9 filingsthrough 2018
Covered positions · 2 of 2 lobbyists named on these filings disclosed a prior government post. The text is reproduced exactly as filed.
The filings
Every filing on record. Each row links to its full disclosure.
This record groups every filed spelling of the client's name into one entity, so "MERCK & CO., INC." and "MERCK & CO INC" read as the same company. The grouping is the client's normalized name — organizations that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: focus-hope.