Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who lobbies for them
Every outside firm that has filed on this client's behalf, by fees reported.
Melanie Jan NathansonRED+BLUE StrategiesCovered position: Policy Analyst, Senator Bob Graham ; ; Senior Legislative Assistant, Representative Sander Levin ; ; Senior Health Advisor, Senator Bob Graham32 filingsthrough 2018
Megan Hauck MarshallRED+BLUE StrategiesCovered position: Paid Intern, Senator Don Nickles ; ; Legislative Correspondant, Senator Don Nickles ; ; Scheduler, Senator Don Nickles ; ; Health Policy Director, Senator Don Nickles ; ; Deputy Assistant Secretary ASL, DHHS ; ; Special Assistant to the President, White House ; ; Senior Policy Advisor, Senator Mitch McConnell
The filings
The 20 most recent of 220 filings. Every figure above is built from these records.
This record groups every filed spelling of the client's name into one entity, so "MERCK & CO., INC." and "MERCK & CO INC" read as the same company. The grouping is the client's normalized name — organizations that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: express-scripts-inc.
Reading this · LD-2 reports a hired firm's fee and a registrant's reported expenses on separate lines and never both on one filing, so the two lists above are different quantities and are ranked separately rather than against each other. Firm names link to their own record as the firms chapter lands.
110 filings
$25.7M on those filings
Taxation/Internal Revenue Code
TAX
80 filings
$19.4M on those filings
Defense
DEF
53 filings
$22M on those filings
Labor Issues/Antitrust/Workplace
LBR
31 filings
$13M on those filings
Postal
POS
19 filings
$10.9M on those filings
Insurance
INS
6 filings
$480K on those filings
Government Issues
GOV
2 filings
$50K on those filings
Trade (domestic/foreign)
TRD
1 filing
$370K on those filings
Budget/Appropriations
BUD
1 filing
$80K on those filings
Copyright/Patent/Trademark
CPT
1 filing
$30K on those filings
Note · A filing names one to several issue areas and reports a single dollar figure for the period, so the same money appears beside every issue that filing declares. The dollar column is therefore spend on filings that named this issue — it is not a split of the total, and these figures sum above it. Filing counts do not double-count.
112th Congress
Preserving Our Hometown Independent Pharmacies Act of 2011
14 filingsthrough 2012
H.R. 1735114th CongressNational Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 201613 filingsthrough 2016
H.R. 793114th CongressEnsuring Seniors Access to Local Pharmacies Act of 20159 filingsthrough 2016
S. 867113th CongressMedicare Prescription Drug Program Integrity and Transparency Act of 20139 filingsthrough 2014
H.R. 979112th CongressFEHBP Prescription Drug Integrity, Transparency, and Cost Savings Act9 filingsthrough 2012
H.R. 1111th CongressNamed in the filings; no matching bill record on file.9 filingsthrough 2010
H.R. 6331110th CongressMedicare Improvements for Patients and Providers Act of 20089 filingsthrough 2008
H.R. 1854115th CongressPrescription Drug Monitoring Act of 20178 filingsthrough 2018
H.R. 1920115th CongressTo amend part B of title XVIII of the Social Security Act to exclude customary prompt pay discounts from manufacturers to wholesalers from the average sales price for drugs and biologicals under Medicare, and for other purposes.8 filingsthrough 2018
H.R. 1939115th CongressEnsuring Seniors Access to Local Pharmacies Act of 20178 filingsthrough 2018
How these are found · Bill references are extracted from the free-text activity description each filing writes, then matched to the Congress in session that filing year. A reference we can't match to a bill on file is still shown, unlinked — we cite what the filing said rather than guess at what it meant. Naming a bill is not a position on it: LD-2 records that a client lobbied on the bill, never which side.
Christopher DavisExpress Scripts, Inc.Covered position: Legislative Director and Senior Policy Advisor, US Representative Frederick Boucher13 filingsthrough 2018
Emily A KatzExpress Scripts, Inc.Covered position: Senior Health Policy Advisor, US Senator Barbara Boxer13 filingsthrough 2018
Yvette FontenotAvenue SolutionsCovered position: Dep. Director, Office of Health Reform, HHS10 filingsthrough 2015
Billy WynneThorn Run PartnersCovered position: Health Policy Counsel, Senate Finance Committee9 filingsthrough 2017
Michael O'Shea MccarthyThorn Run Partners9 filingsthrough 2017
Sarah Wisner BlackwoodBanner Public Affairs, LLCCovered position: Dir. Leg. Aff's, DOE Office of Energy Efficiency; Leg. Dir., Rep. Costello; Prof. Staff, House Transp. & Infr. Cmtee.9 filingsthrough 2015
Richard Charles WhiteThorn Run Partners8 filingsthrough 2017
Shawn CoughlinCapitol Health Group, LLC8 filingsthrough 2010
Jennifer HigginsCapitol Health Group, LLC8 filingsthrough 2010
Michael BrombergCapitol Health Group, LLC8 filingsthrough 2010
Steven JenningCapitol Health Group, LLC8 filingsthrough 2010
Jessie Howe BrairtonThorn Run PartnersCovered position: SrLA/LA:CongL.Smith;LC,Asst:SenAgingComm7 filingsthrough 2017
Gary PalmquistThorn Run PartnersCovered position: LegDir-Dennis Cardoza,Bob Clement,Ken Bentsen6 filingsthrough 2018
Covered positions · 26 of 44 lobbyists named on these filings disclosed a prior government post. The text is reproduced exactly as filed.
