Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who lobbies for them
Every outside firm that has filed on this client's behalf, by fees reported.
Reading this · LD-2 reports a hired firm's fee and a registrant's reported expenses on separate lines and never both on one filing, so the two lists above are different quantities and are ranked separately rather than against each other. Firm names link to their own record as the firms chapter lands.
What they lobby on
Issue areas declared on the filings, ranked by how many filings name each one.
Education
EDU
70 filings
$950K on those filings
Budget/Appropriations
BUD
70 filings
$950K on those filings
Health Issues
HCR
Bills named in the filings
The 15 most-cited of 169 bill references, extracted from the activity descriptions.
S. 590114th CongressCampus Accountability and Safety Act9 filingsthrough 2016
S. 718116th CongressMaking Education Affordable and Accessible Act8 filingsthrough 2020
This record groups every filed spelling of the client's name into one entity, so "MERCK & CO., INC." and "MERCK & CO INC" read as the same company. The grouping is the client's normalized name — organizations that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: eastern-michigan-university.
42 filings
$420K on those filings
Science/Technology
SCI
37 filings
$620K on those filings
Immigration
IMM
36 filings
$360K on those filings
Defense
DEF
20 filings
$200K on those filings
Labor Issues/Antitrust/Workplace
LBR
10 filings
$340K on those filings
Manufacturing
MAN
6 filings
$60K on those filings
Clean Air and Water (quality)
CAW
6 filings
$60K on those filings
Homeland Security
HOM
5 filings
$50K on those filings
Housing
HOU
4 filings
$40K on those filings
Environment/Superfund
ENV
4 filings
$40K on those filings
Note · A filing names one to several issue areas and reports a single dollar figure for the period, so the same money appears beside every issue that filing declares. The dollar column is therefore spend on filings that named this issue — it is not a split of the total, and these figures sum above it. Filing counts do not double-count.
116th Congress
Vehicle Innovation Act of 2019
6 filingsthrough 2020
S. 1085116th CongressVehicle Innovation Act of 20196 filingsthrough 2020
H.R. 500111th CongressNamed in the filings; no matching bill record on file.6 filingsthrough 2010
H.R. 4502117th CongressLabor, Health and Human Services, Education, Agriculture, Rural Development, Energy and Water Development, Financial Services and General Government, Interior, Environment, Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, Transportation, and Housing and Urban Development Appropriations Act, 20224 filingsthrough 2022
H.R. 4505117th CongressCommerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 20224 filingsthrough 2022
How these are found · Bill references are extracted from the free-text activity description each filing writes, then matched to the Congress in session that filing year. A reference we can't match to a bill on file is still shown, unlinked — we cite what the filing said rather than guess at what it meant. Naming a bill is not a position on it: LD-2 records that a client lobbied on the bill, never which side.
