Lobbying client · LD-2 disclosures
City of Birmingham, Al
Alabama
31 filings from 1 registrant · 2008–2017 · latest filed Aug 31, 2018
Reported on its behalf
$2.1M
every LD-2 on file
Its own filed spend
$0
lobbying for itself
Fees to outside firms
$2.1M
across every firm on file
Spend over time
Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who lobbies for them
Every outside firm that has filed on this client's behalf, by fees reported.
Reading this · LD-2 reports a hired firm's fee and a registrant's reported expenses on separate lines and never both on one filing, so the two lists above are different quantities and are ranked separately rather than against each other. Firm names link to their own record as the firms chapter lands.
What they lobby on
Issue areas declared on the filings, ranked by how many filings name each one.
Budget/Appropriations
BUD
29 filings
$2M on those filings
Urban Development/Municipalities
URB
16 filings
$985K on those filings
Transportation
Who did the lobbying
Every lobbyist named on this client's filings.
- RALPH COOK jr Handprint Government Affairs LLC27 filingsthrough 2017
- Stephan Bell Handprint Government Affairs LLC17 filingsthrough 2013
- Virtual Murrell Handprint Government Affairs LLC8 filingsthrough 2017
The filings
The 20 most recent of 31 filings. Every figure above is built from these records.
This record groups every filed spelling of the client's name into one entity, so "MERCK & CO., INC." and "MERCK & CO INC" read as the same company. The grouping is the client's normalized name — organizations that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: city-of-birmingham-al.