Lobbying client · LD-2 disclosures
City of Battle Creek
Michigan
33 filings from 2 registrants · 2008–2018 · latest filed Jan 23, 2019
Reported on its behalf
$81K
every LD-2 on file
Its own filed spend
$0
lobbying for itself
Fees to outside firms
$81K
across every firm on file
Spend over time
Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who lobbies for them
Every outside firm that has filed on this client's behalf, by fees reported.
What they lobby on
Issue areas declared on the filings, ranked by how many filings name each one.
Aviation/Airlines/Airports
AVI
12 filings
$60K on those filings
Agriculture
AGR
12 filings
Economics/Economic Development
ECN
Bills named in the filings
Every bill reference extracted from the filings' activity descriptions.
- H.R. 4441 114th CongressAviation Innovation, Reform, and Reauthorization Act of 20164 filingsthrough 2016
- S. 2658 114th CongressFederal Aviation Administration Reauthorization Act of 20164 filingsthrough 2016
How these are found · Bill references are extracted from the free-text activity description each filing writes, then matched to the Congress in session that filing year. A reference we can't match to a bill on file is still shown, unlinked — we cite what the filing said rather than guess at what it meant. Naming a bill is not a position on it: LD-2 records that a client lobbied on the bill, never which side.
Who did the lobbying
Every lobbyist named on this client's filings.
- George A Franklin Franklin Public Affairs, LLC20 filingsthrough 2014
- Jeffrey Breneman Spectrum Public Affairs13 filingsthrough 2018
The filings
The 20 most recent of 33 filings. Every figure above is built from these records.
This record groups every filed spelling of the client's name into one entity, so "MERCK & CO., INC." and "MERCK & CO INC" read as the same company. The grouping is the client's normalized name — organizations that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: city-of-battle-creek.