Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who lobbies for them
Every outside firm that has filed on this client's behalf, by fees reported.
This record groups every filed spelling of the client's name into one entity, so "MERCK & CO., INC." and "MERCK & CO INC" read as the same company. The grouping is the client's normalized name — organizations that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: american-dental-education-association.
$246K
fees reported
›
Reported as lobbying expenses
Money reported as spent on lobbying rather than as a fee paid to an outside firm. See the full list.
Reading this · LD-2 reports a hired firm's fee and a registrant's reported expenses on separate lines and never both on one filing, so the two lists above are different quantities and are ranked separately rather than against each other. Firm names link to their own record as the firms chapter lands.
36 filings
$2.9M on those filings
Medical/Disease Research/Clinical Labs
MED
1 filing
$57K on those filings
Defense
DEF
1 filing
$24K on those filings
Medicare/Medicaid
MMM
1 filing
$24K on those filings
Note · A filing names one to several issue areas and reports a single dollar figure for the period, so the same money appears beside every issue that filing declares. The dollar column is therefore spend on filings that named this issue — it is not a split of the total, and these figures sum above it. Filing counts do not double-count.
through 2010
H.R. 903111th CongressNamed in the filings; no matching bill record on file.3 filingsthrough 2009
S. 3686111th CongressNamed in the filings; no matching bill record on file.3 filingsthrough 2010
S.Con.Res. 13111th CongressNamed in the filings; no matching bill record on file.3 filingsthrough 2009
H.R. 1777110th CongressNeed-Based Educational Aid Act of 20083 filingsthrough 2008
H.R. 2168110th CongressDedicated Dental Service for HIV/AIDS Act of 20073 filingsthrough 2008
H.R. 5549110th CongressDeamonte Driver Dental Care Access Improvement Act of 20083 filingsthrough 2008
S. 1066110th CongressMedical Education Affordability Act3 filingsthrough 2008
S. 2303110th CongressA bill to amend section 435(o) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 regarding the definition of economic hardship.3 filingsthrough 2008
S. 359110th CongressStudent Debt Relief Act of 20073 filingsthrough 2008
H.R. 1586111th CongressNamed in the filings; no matching bill record on file.2 filingsthrough 2010
H.R. 2824111th CongressNamed in the filings; no matching bill record on file.2 filingsthrough 2009
H.R. 3090111th CongressNamed in the filings; no matching bill record on file.2 filingsthrough 2009
How these are found · Bill references are extracted from the free-text activity description each filing writes, then matched to the Congress in session that filing year. A reference we can't match to a bill on file is still shown, unlinked — we cite what the filing said rather than guess at what it meant. Naming a bill is not a position on it: LD-2 records that a client lobbied on the bill, never which side.
Jack Edward BreschAmerican Dental Education Association
