Every filing period on record, as reported. One column per filed period — a period with no column is a period with no filing, not a zero.
Basis · Amendments and terminations supersede the original report for the same registrant, client and period, so a revised quarter is counted once at its latest filed value. Registration-only filings carry no activity money and are excluded from these totals.
Who lobbies for them
Every outside firm that has filed on this client's behalf, by fees reported.
Ernst & Young LLP (Washington Council Ernst & Young)
This record groups every filed spelling of the client's name into one entity, so "MERCK & CO., INC." and "MERCK & CO INC" read as the same company. The grouping is the client's normalized name — organizations that file under genuinely different names appear separately. Handle: american-council-on-education.
Reading this · LD-2 reports a hired firm's fee and a registrant's reported expenses on separate lines and never both on one filing, so the two lists above are different quantities and are ranked separately rather than against each other. Firm names link to their own record as the firms chapter lands.
EDU
71 filings
$5.3M on those filings
Health Issues
HCR
51 filings
$3.3M on those filings
Veterans
VET
47 filings
$4M on those filings
Immigration
IMM
46 filings
$3.7M on those filings
Defense
DEF
28 filings
$2.4M on those filings
Science/Technology
SCI
23 filings
$2.4M on those filings
Labor Issues/Antitrust/Workplace
LBR
12 filings
$1.6M on those filings
Foreign Relations
FOR
8 filings
$365K on those filings
Homeland Security
HOM
6 filings
$776K on those filings
Financial Institutions/Investments/Securities
FIN
6 filings
$709K on those filings
Note · A filing names one to several issue areas and reports a single dollar figure for the period, so the same money appears beside every issue that filing declares. The dollar column is therefore spend on filings that named this issue — it is not a split of the total, and these figures sum above it. Filing counts do not double-count.
119th Congress
Student Veteran Benefit Restoration Act of 2025
8 filingsthrough 2026
S. 1296119th CongressDETERRENT Act8 filingsthrough 2026
S. 163119th CongressProtecting Students on Campus Act of 20258 filingsthrough 2026
S. 558119th CongressAntisemitism Awareness Act of 20258 filingsthrough 2026
S. 590114th CongressCampus Accountability and Safety Act8 filingsthrough 2016
S. 264117th CongressDream Act of 20216 filingsthrough 2022
How these are found · Bill references are extracted from the free-text activity description each filing writes, then matched to the Congress in session that filing year. A reference we can't match to a bill on file is still shown, unlinked — we cite what the filing said rather than guess at what it meant. Naming a bill is not a position on it: LD-2 records that a client lobbied on the bill, never which side.
Francis GrabErnst & Young LLP (Washington Council Ernst & Young)Covered position: Tax Counsel Rep. Matsui (1998-2001) ; ; LA Rep. Becerra (1997-1998) ; ; LA Rep. Kleczka (1996-1997) ; ; Leg. Fellow Sen. Lautenberg (1995-1996)51 filingsthrough 2023
Terry W HartleAmerican Council on EducationCovered position: Senior Vice President49 filingsthrough 2022
Heather MeadeErnst & Young LLP (Washington Council Ernst & Young)42 filingsthrough 2026
Sarah SpreitzerAmerican Council on Education39 filingsthrough 2026
Daniel T MadzelanAmerican Council on Education26 filingsthrough 2020
Amy SwongerErnst & Young LLP (Washington Council Ernst & Young)Covered position: 2007 Whip Liaison to Sen Min Whip Trent Lott19 filingsthrough 2015
Jessica CameronErnst & Young LLP (Washington Council Ernst & Young)Covered position: Leg. Asst. - Committee on Ways and Means 2011-2014 Counsel, Speaker of the House - 2017-201818 filingsthrough 2025
Becky TimmonsAmerican Council on EducationCovered position: Assistant Vice President18 filingsthrough 2013
Samantha SchwarzErnst & Young LLP (Washington Council Ernst & Young)15 filingsthrough 2026
Emmanual An'Twain GuilloryAmerican Council on Education15 filingsthrough 2026
Tara BradshawErnst & Young LLP (Washington Council Ernst & Young)Covered position: 99-01 Press Secretary/Deputy Director Communications SFC; 01-04 Public Affairs Specialist, Treasury; 05 Communications Director Presidents Advisory on Fed Tax Reform12 filingsthrough 2016
Nick GiordanoErnst & Young LLP (Washington Council Ernst & Young)Covered position: Tax Counsel and Leg. Director Sen. Baucus (1993-1995) ; ; Chief Tax Counsel Sen. Finance Dem. staff (1997-1999)12 filingsthrough 2014
John David PorterErnst & Young LLP (Washington Council Ernst & Young)Covered position: Special Asst. to Asst. Sec. PWBA(Dept. of Labor) (1989-1992)10 filingsthrough 2026
Ngan NguyenAmerican Council on Education9 filingsthrough 2025
Lindsey TepeAmerican Council on Education8 filingsthrough 2026
Weston CoulamErnst & Young LLP (Washington Council Ernst & Young)Covered position: 03-06 Staff Dir. Senate Committee on Small Business8 filingsthrough 2025
Erik FatemiCornerstone Government Affairs, Inc.Covered position: Prof Staff Senate Approps Cmte (Byrd, Inouye, Mikulski)8 filingsthrough 2021
Labrenda Garrett-NelsonErnst & Young LLP (Washington Council Ernst & Young)Covered position: Sr. Leg. Counsel - JCT (1982-1987)8 filingsthrough 2010
Gary GasperErnst & Young LLP (Washington Council Ernst & Young)Covered position: Asst. to IRS Commissioner (Treasury Dept.) (1989-1992) ; ; Sr. Asst. to Asst. Secretary of Treasury (1992-1993)8 filingsthrough 2010
Donna S FlynnErnst & Young LLP (Washington Council Ernst & Young)Covered position: Leg. Director - Rep. Bill Archer (1988-1994) ; ; Staff Director Ways & Means Subcom. Oversight (1995-1998)8 filingsthrough 2010
Kurt RitterpuschErnst & Young LLP (Washington Council Ernst & Young)8 filingsthrough 2010
Robert M RozenErnst & Young LLP (Washington Council Ernst & Young)Covered position: LA Sen. Ford (1980-1985) ; ; LA and Leg. Counsel Sen. Mitchell (1985-1994) ; ; Leg. Counsel Sen.Maj. Leader Mitchell (1989-1994)8 filingsthrough 2010
Anne Elizabeth PhelpsErnst & Young LLP (Washington Council Ernst & Young)Covered position: Special Asst.to President (Domestic Policy/Health) 2001-2002 ; ; Bush Transition Team (Health Policy staff) 2000 ; ; Staff Director Sen. Frist (1997-2000) ; ; Health Policy Fellow Sen. Kassebaum (1996) ; ; Leg. Analyst NIH (1995-1997) ; ; Leg. Officer NIH (1992-1995) ; ; Program Analyst NIH (1991)8 filingsthrough 2010
Dave KoshgarianErnst & Young LLP (Washington Council Ernst & Young)Covered position: Chief of Staff Rep. Cardin (1987-2002)8 filingsthrough 2010
John L DoneyErnst & Young LLP (Washington Council Ernst & Young)Covered position: Asst.Sec. to Senate Minority (1988-1995) ; ; Asst. Sec. to the Senate Majority (Oct. 1995-1996)8 filingsthrough 2010
Jeffrey Paul PetrichErnst & Young LLP (Washington Council Ernst & Young)Covered position: Counsel - H.Com. Nat. Resources (1987-2008)8 filingsthrough 2010
Tim UrbanErnst & Young LLP (Washington Council Ernst & Young)Covered position: Staff Associate Ways&Means Com. & Rep. Herger (93-97) ; ; Active, Reserve & MD National Guard; US Army Staff Sergeant8 filingsthrough 2010
Covered positions · 43 of 61 lobbyists named on these filings disclosed a prior government post. The text is reproduced exactly as filed.
